
The Quest
1976
as Old Indian
Also known as: Espera Oscar de Corti
Acting
Iron Eyes Cody (born Espera Oscar de Corti), was an Italian American actor. He portrayed Native Americans in Hollywood films, famously as Chief Iron Eyes in Bob Hope's The Paleface. He also played a Native American shedding a tear about litter in one of the country's most well-known television public service announcements, "Keep America Beautiful". Cody began acting in the early 1930s. He worked in film and television until his death. Cody claimed his father was Cherokee (and his mother Cree), also naming several different tribes, and frequently changing his claimed place of birth. To those unfamiliar with Indigenous American or First Nations cultures and people, he gave the appearance of living "as if" he were Native American, fulfilling the stereotypical expectations by wearing his film wardrobe as daily clothing—including braided wig, fringed leathers and beaded moccasins—at least when photographers were visiting, and in other ways continuing to play the same Hollywood-scripted roles off-screen as well as on. He appeared in more than 200 films, including The Big Trail with John Wayne; The Scarlet Letter, with Colleen Moore; Sitting Bull, as Crazy Horse; The Light in the Forest as Cuyloga; The Great Sioux Massacre, with Joseph Cotten; Nevada Smith, with Steve McQueen; A Man Called Horse, with Richard Harris; and Ernest Goes to Camp as Chief St. Cloud, with Jim Varney. In 1953, he appeared twice in Duncan Renaldo's syndicated television series, The Cisco Kid as Chief Sky Eagle. He guest starred on the NBC western series, The Restless Gun, starring John Payne, and The Tall Man, with Barry Sullivan and Clu Gulager. In 1961, he played the title role in "The Burying of Sammy Hart" on the ABC western series, The Rebel, starring Nick Adams. A close friend of Walt Disney, Cody appeared in a Disney studio serial titled The First Americans, and in episodes of The Mountain Man, Davy Crockett and Daniel Boone. In 1964 Cody appeared as Chief Black Feather on The Virginian in the episode "The Intruders." He also appeared in a 1968 episode of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood featuring Native American dancers. Cody was widely seen as the "Crying Indian" in the "Keep America Beautiful" public service announcements (PSA) in the early 1970s.The environmental commercial showed Cody in costume, shedding a tear after trash is thrown from the window of a car and it lands at his feet. The announcer, William Conrad, says: "People start pollution; people can stop it." The Joni Mitchell song "Lakota", from the 1988 album, Chalk Mark in a Rainstorm, features Cody's chanting. He made a cameo appearance in the 1990 film Spirit of '76. Living in Hollywood, he began to insist, even in his private life, that he was Native American, over time claiming membership in several different tribes. In 1996, Cody's half-sister said that he was of Italian ancestry, but he denied it. After his death, it was revealed that he was of Sicilian parentage, and not Native American at all. Cody, at age 94, died of mesothelioma at his home in Los Angeles on January 4, 1999.

1976
as Old Indian

1968
as Chief

1942
as 1st Friendly Indian

1953
as Ben Iron Mountain

1958
as Cuyloga's Counsellor

1949
as Indian Farmer (uncredited)

1950
as Teese (uncredited)

1942
as White Cloud (uncredited)

1947
as Indian Joe

1939
as Wild West Show Indian

1942

1970
as Medicine Man

1928
as Indian (uncredited)

1951
as Ute Indian

1951
as Brave Bear (as Iron Eyes)

1952
as Chief Yellow Cloud

1938
as Rodeo Indian (uncredited)

1943
as Native (uncredited)

1949
as Chief Yellowstone

1936
as Indian Dancer (uncredited)

1970
as Crazy Foot

1948
as Toma (uncredited)

1932
as Indian at Sideshow (uncredited)

1940
as Indian

1948
as Chief Iron Eyes

1938
as Bullet-Bringer

1933
as Cheyenne Rider

1939
as Indian Joe - Harrington's Henchman

1991
1948
as Geronimo

1936

1952
as Osage Brave - Blue Shirt

1932
as Indian (uncredited)

1952
as Canook (uncredited)

1942
as Indian (uncredited)

1954
as Chief Rasacura (uncredited)

1959
as 2nd Indian on Train (uncredited)

1942
as Indian (uncredited)

1950

1936
as Indian (uncredited)

1956
as Chief

1942
as Indian (uncredited)

1977
as Standing Bear

1940
as Indian

1940
as Indian Henchman

1956
as Many Stars

1957
as Cheyenne Indian (uncredited)

1970
as Santana

1947
as Indian

1944
as Indian Scaring Caroline (uncredited)

1934
as Indian (uncredited)

1987
as Old Indian Chief

1948
as Wovoka

1954
as Crazy Horse

1934
as Temple Guard

1935
as Cat Man

1936
as Comanche War Party Leader (uncredited)

1958
as 1st Indian Chief

1934
as Cat Man

1940
as Big Bear

1949
as Indian (uncredited)

1942
as Indian

1990
as Iron Eyes Cody

1965
as Crazy Horse

1941
as Indian

1942
as Indian

1950
as Indian

1941
as Hostile Indian

1940
as Indian (uncredited)

1940
as Acuna's Aide

1939
as Brave

1952
as Apache with Major Dekker's Hat

1937
as Indian (uncredited)

1939
as 2nd Indian at Post

1952
as Henchman Cherokee

1939
as Indian Chief

1936
as Little Deer

1962
as Charlie Two-Bits

1932
as John Tom

1956
as Red Rock

1940
as indian

1940
as Indian

1933
as Circus Indian

1942
as Arab

1941
as Black Eagle

1952
as Indian with Pat (uncredited)

1950
as Longknife

1936
as Chief Brown Fox

1942
as Indian

1952
as Male Model

1931
as War Eagle

1932
as Little Eagle
1979
as Self
1956
as Mountain Cloud

2024
as Crying Indian (archival footage)
1940
as Killer
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